蓝子鱼科为辐鳍鱼纲鲈形目刺尾鱼亚目的一个科。由于本科下只有一属，因而实际上蓝子鱼属与蓝子鱼科具有等价的实际意义。

本科鱼类因身体上普遍布有近似蓝色的深色斑点或斑纹而得名“蓝子鱼”，此科鱼类的日文名称アイゴ的汉字写法亦为“蓝子”。但因为汉语中有“篮子”这一常用词语而常常被误称为“篮子鱼”。

Rabbitfishes or spinefoots are perciform fishes in the family Siganidae. The 28 species are in a single genus, Siganus. In some now obsolete classifications, the species having prominent face stripes—colloquially called foxfaces–are in the genus Lo. Other species, such as the masked spinefoot (S. puellus), show a reduced form of the stripe pattern. Rabbitfishes are native to shallow waters in the Indo-Pacific, but S. luridus and S. rivulatus have become established in the eastern Mediterranean via Lessepsian migration. It can be used in the preparation of bagoong.