阿拉伯河（阿拉伯语：شط العرب‎，波斯语：اروندرود‎），为底格里斯河、幼发拉底河和卡伦河汇流而成，全长约190公里。下游为伊朗和伊拉克界河，两国对于此河归属尚有争议。

底格里斯河和幼发拉底河在伊拉克境内的克尔奈（al-Qurnah）汇合，称阿拉伯河，向东南延伸至巴士拉附近与来自伊朗的卡伦河汇流，之下约100公里形成两伊之间的界河，在法奥以北注入波斯湾。

按照1847年奥斯曼帝国和波斯帝国的埃尔祖姆条约，阿拉伯河的主权归属奥斯曼帝国。1913年，两国又签订君士坦丁堡边界议定书，规定霍拉姆沙赫尔港一段以主航道中心线为界。伊拉克独立之后，同伊朗于1937年再次签署协议，将阿巴丹一段亦改为以主航道中心线为界，其余部分仍归属伊拉克，伊朗使用阿拉伯河航道需要向伊拉克缴纳租用费。

Shatt al-Arab (Arabic:شط العرب‎, "Stream of the Arabs") or Arvand Rud (Persian:اَروَندرود‎‎, "Swift River") is a river in Southwest Asia of some 200 km (120 mi) in length, formed by the confluence of the Euphrates and the Tigris in the town of al-Qurnah in the Basra Governorate of southern Iraq. The southern end of the river constitutes the border between Iraq and Iran down to the mouth of the river as it discharges into the Persian Gulf. It varies in width from about 232 metres (761 ft) at Basra to 800 metres (2,600 ft) at its mouth. It is thought that the waterway formed relatively recently in geologic time, with the Tigris and Euphrates originally emptying into the Persian Gulf via a channel further to the west.