Typically a gamete with 23 chromosomes, including one sex chromosome either X or Y, develops when parent germ cells undergo the process of meiosis.

正常的配子包含23条染色体，其中有一条X或Y性染色体，由亲代生殖细胞减数分裂产生。

This can happen as a result of nondisjunction of sex chromosomes during meiosis, and it happens more frequently in sperm cells - but egg cells can also be affected.

这可能是由于细胞在减数分裂期间性染色体未分离而造成的，而且这一情况在精子细胞中发生得更频繁，不过在卵细胞中也可能出现。

And you can see they ended up getting " sex chromosome" -- it's like a pretty juicy title, it popularized genetics, you know?

你可以看到他们最终得到了“性染色体”——这就像一个非常有趣的标题，它普及了遗传学，你知道吗？

One of these pairs, the sex chromosomes, determines person's biological sex and it can be composed of either two X chromosomes for females or an X and a Y chromosome for males.

在23对染色体中，有一对是性染色体，它决定了人的生物性别；对于女性，它由两条X染色体组成，男性的则由一条X染色体和一条Y染色体组成。

But in this instance, they were like, " We're just going to keep the letters, and then we'll give them a title." They called them the sex chromosomes.

但在这种情况下， 他们就像是， “我们只是要保留这些字母，然后我们会给他们一个标题。 ” 他们称他们为性染色体。

Like, it can mean having different combinations of sex chromosomes – as in Klinefelter Syndrome, which creates chromosomes XX and Y, or in Triple-X Syndrome, which results in XXX.

就像，这可能意味着具有不同的性染色体组合——如克兰费尔特综合症，它会产生 XX 和 Y 染色体， 或者在三 X 综合症中， 会产生 XXX。

And eventually, someone was like, " Well, if that one thing's called X, should we call this other thing Y? " And like that, (Snaps fingers) the sex chromosomes had been discovered.

最后，有人说，“好吧，如果那个东西叫 X，我们应该把另一个东西叫 Y 吗？ ” 就这样，（打响指）性染色体被发现了。

So around 1960 -- this is going to be our first stop on the complicated world of the sex chromosomes -- so around 1960, we had discovered that you could be XYY. They discovered an XYY man.

所以在 1960 年左右——这将是我们探索复杂的性染色体世界的第一站——所以在 1960 年左右，我们发现你可以是 XYY。他们发现了一个 XYY 人。

In Klinefelter syndrome, the sex chromosome pairs which is either XX or XY don't separate in meiosis I in the male or female germ cell and this resulted in two gametes with a pair of X chromosomes and two gametes without X chromosomes.

Klinefelter综合征中，配对的XX或XY性染色体对在父亲或母亲的第一次减数分裂中没有分离，从而产生了两个有两条X染色体的配子以及两个没有X染色体的配子。

And I guess as all of these, sort of, some of them social stories, some of them scientific stories, some of these facts, started to add up, I just thought, like, why are we calling these the sex chromosomes?

我想所有这些， 有点，其中一些是社会故事，一些是科学故事， 一些事实，开始加起来，我只是想，比如，为什么我们称这些为性染色体？