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单词 Sesterterpenoid
释义

Sesterterpenoid

中文百科

萜烯 Terpene

(重定向自Sesterterpenoid)
许多萜类是来自于松树上的树脂
奥托·瓦拉赫

萜烯英语:terpene,简称,词由turpentine 松节油而来)是一系列萜类化合物的总称,属脂类,不溶于水,是分子式为异戊二烯 (C5H8)的整数倍的烯烃类化合物。萜烯是一个庞大而多样类有机化合物,主要由一些植物产生,特别是针叶树;一些动物也能够产生,如白蚁(分泌金合欢烯 farnesene,C15H24)等;近年来研究发现,在海洋生物体内也提取出了大量的萜类化合物,如海参、软珊瑚等。许多萜类化合物是芳烃,它们往往有强烈的气味。一些植物产生这些带有气味的萜烯,用以阻吓食草动物和吸引食草动物的寄生虫天敌,从而可能有一种保护功能。萜烯是树脂以及由树脂而来的松节油的主要成分。一些昆虫如白蚁或燕尾蝶,从它们的Y腺器官(osmeteria)排放萜烯。萜烯和萜类化合物的区别在于,萜烯是烯烃,而萜类是含有其他官能团的烯烃。据统计,目前已知的萜类化合物的总数超过了22000种。很多萜类化合物具有重要的生理活性,是研究天然产物和开发新药的重要来源。萜类化合物中常见并重要的主要有胡萝卜素类化合物、樟脑、松香酸、薄荷醇类、冰片、维生素A、类固醇等。

英语百科

Terpene 萜烯

(重定向自Sesterterpenoid)
Many terpenes are derived commercially from conifer resins, such as those made by this pine.
Second or third instar caterpillars of Papilio glaucus emit terpenes from their osmeterium.

Terpenes (/ˈtɜːrpn/) are a large and diverse class of organic compounds, produced by a variety of plants, particularly conifers, though also by some insects such as termites or swallowtail butterflies, which emit terpenes from their osmeteria. They are often strong-smelling. They may protect the plants that produce them by deterring herbivores and by attracting predators and parasites of herbivores. Many terpenes are aromatic hydrocarbons and thus may have had a protective function. The difference between terpenes and terpenoids is that terpenes are hydrocarbons, whereas terpenoids contain additional functional groups.

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更新时间:2025/6/16 21:01:40