关注点分离（Separation of concerns，SOC）是对只与「特定概念、目标」（关注点）相关联的软件组成部分进行「标识、封装和操纵」的能力，即标识、封装和操纵关注点的能力。是处理复杂性的一个原则。由于关注点混杂在一起会导致复杂性大大增加，所以能够把不同的关注点分离开来，分别处理就是处理复杂性的一个原则，一种方法。

关注点分离是面向对象的进程设计的核心概念。分离关注点使得解决特定领域问题的代码从业务逻辑中独立出来，业务逻辑的代码中不再含有针对特定领域问题代码的调用（将针对特定领域问题代码抽象化成较少的代码，例如将代码封装成function或是class），业务逻辑同特定领域问题的关系通过侧面来封装、维护，这样原本分散在整个应用进程中的变动就可以很好的管理起来。

In computer science, separation of concerns (SoC) is a design principle for separating a computer program into distinct sections, such that each section addresses a separate concern. A concern is a set of information that affects the code of a computer program. A concern can be as general as the details of the hardware the code is being optimized for, or as specific as the name of a class to instantiate. A program that embodies SoC well is called a modular program. Modularity, and hence separation of concerns, is achieved by encapsulating information inside a section of code that has a well-defined interface. Encapsulation is a means of information hiding. Layered designs in information systems are another embodiment of separation of concerns (e.g., presentation layer, business logic layer, data access layer, persistence layer).