塞利姆一世（Selim I；?年10月－1520年9月22日），绰号“稳固的”（Yavuz），英语绰号则为“冷酷的”、“严峻的”（the Grim），是奥斯曼帝国从1512年到1520年的苏丹，在位期间为奥斯曼帝国广开国土。

父亲巴耶塞特二世，母亲古尔巴哈可敦。他杀了他的兄长艾哈迈德，1512年迫使父亲禅让，巴耶塞特不久去世。塞利姆一世即位后仿效其祖父征服者穆罕默德的做法，杀死自己的兄弟及姪儿，清除可能觊觎王位的人。以往他的父亲巴耶塞特二世与他的叔叔杰姆苏丹之间及他与兄长艾哈迈德之间的争斗，使他决心杀死自己的兄弟。

Selim I (Ottoman Turkish: سليم اوّل, Modern Turkish: I.Selim or Yavuz Sultan Selim), nicknamed Yavuz (traditionally translated as "grim," but closer to "stern" or "implacable" in meaning) (October 10, 1465/1466/1470 – September 22, 1520), was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. His reign is notable for the enormous expansion of the Empire, particularly his conquest between 1516 and 1517 of the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, which included all of Sham, Hejaz, Tihamah, and Egypt itself. He was also granted the title of "Khâdim ül Haramain ish Sharifain" (Servant of the Holy Cities of Mecca and Medina) by the Sharif of Mecca in 1517. Through conquering and unification of Muslim lands, Selim became the defender of the Holy Cities of Mecca and Medina which strengthened the Ottoman claim to caliphate in the Muslim world.