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单词 Second consonant shift
释义

Second consonant shift

中文百科

高地德语辅音推移 High German consonant shift

(重定向自Second consonant shift)
高地德语的子分界,绿色处为上德语区、蓝色处为中央德语区,它们和低地德语(黄色部份为其通行区)有所区别。主要的等语线,如本拉特线(Benrath)施派尔线等(Speyer),皆以黑色标明。

在历史语言学里,高地德语辅音推移(High German consonant shift),又名第二次(日耳曼语)辅音推移(Second Germanic consonant shift),是在西日耳曼语方言连续体区域的南部地区所发生的,可分为数阶段的语音变化的总称,这个变化可能是在三到五世纪间开始的,而且大部份的变化,都在九世纪,也就是目前已知最早的高地德语文献的书写年代前就已完成。历经此变化的语言,也就是古高地德语,和其他没历经过此音变的大陆西日耳曼语言有着清楚的分界,古高地德语亦可借此和完全没受到此推移影响的语言,也就是古英语,做出清楚的分别。

英语百科

High German consonant shift 高地德语子音推移

(重定向自Second consonant shift)
High German subdivides into Upper German (green) and Central German (blue), and is distinguished from Low German (yellow) and Dutch.  The main isoglosses – the Benrath and Speyer lines – are marked in black. NB: This map shows the modern boundaries of the languages.
The Rhenish fan: 1 Dutch (West Low Franconian),  2 Limburgian (East Low Franconian),  3 Ripuarian Franconian,  4 & 5 Mosel Franconian,  6 Rhenish Franconian

In historical linguistics, the High German consonant shift or second Germanic consonant shift is a phonological development (sound change) that took place in the southern parts of the West Germanic dialect continuum in several phases. It probably began between the third and fifth centuries and was almost complete before the earliest written records in High German were produced in the ninth century. The resulting language, Old High German, can be neatly contrasted with the other continental West Germanic languages, which for the most part did not experience the shift, and with Old English, which remained completely unaffected.

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更新时间:2025/6/21 5:47:20