斯堪的纳维亚（丹麦语、瑞典语：Skandinavien，挪威语：Skandinavia，萨米语：Skadesi-suolu），又译斯堪地那维亚，在地理上是指斯堪的纳维亚半岛，包括挪威和瑞典，文化与政治上则包含丹麦。这些国家互相视对方属于斯堪的纳维亚，虽然政治上彼此独立，但共同的称谓显示了其文化和历史有深厚的渊源。

芬兰、冰岛和法罗群岛等北欧国家因其与丹麦、挪威和瑞典相近的历史和文化背景，有时也被视为斯堪的纳维亚国家。

有时这些对斯堪的纳维亚的不同理解可能会引起不满，北欧国家才是三个斯堪的纳维亚王国（挪威、瑞典和丹麦）以及两个共和国（芬兰、冰岛）的统称。

Scandinavia /ˌskændᵻˈneɪviə/ is a historical and cultural region in Northern Europe characterized by a common ethno-cultural North Germanic heritage and mutually intelligible North Germanic languages.

The term Scandinavia always includes the mainlands of the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Norwegian dependencies, including Svalbard and Jan Mayen, are usually not seen as a part of Scandinavia, nor is Danish Greenland. However, the Danish Faroe Islands are sometimes included, as sometimes are Iceland and Finland, because of their historical association with the Scandinavian countries and the Scandinavian peoples and languages. This looser definition almost equates to that of the Nordic countries. In Nordic languages, only mainland Denmark, Norway and Sweden, are commonly included in the definition.