水鹿（学名：Cervus unicolor）属哺乳纲偶蹄目的一种鹿。

水鹿体型中等，比梅花鹿大，比马鹿小，1.4～2.6米，肩高1.2～1.4米，体重100～200千克。幼年水鹿有斑点，而成年水鹿则为褐色，连臀部也不例外。其拉丁文unicolor就是单色的意思。

雄鹿有粗大的角，分三叉，长达0.7米。

The sambar (Rusa unicolor) is a large deer native to the Indian subcontinent, southern China and Southeast Asia. Although it primarily refers to R. unicolor, the name "sambar" is also sometimes used to refer to the Philippine deer (called the "Philippine sambar") and the Javan rusa (called the "Sunda sambar"). The name is also spelled sambur, or sambhur.