古噬菌体科，Rudiviridae，rudi由拉丁文rudis而来，有小的杆状物之意，其病毒颗粒的形态为杆形，不含脂质，遗传物质为线形双股DNA。主要的宿主为古细菌。

• 古噬菌体属(Rudivirus)

代表种：

• 硫化裂叶病毒SIRV1(Sulfolobus virus SIRV1)
• 热变形菌属病毒4(Thermoproteus virus 4;TTV-4)

Rudivirus is a genus of viruses in the order Ligamenvirales; it is the only genus in the family Rudiviridae. These viruses are non-enveloped, stiff-rod-shaped viruses with linear dsDNA genomes, that infect hyperthermophilic archaea of the kingdom Crenarchaeota. There are currently three species in this genus including the type species Sulfolobus islandicus rod-shaped virus 2. The family name derives from the Latin rudis, thin rod, referring to the virion shape.