Taiwan

Taiwan (/ˌtaɪˈwɑːn/; Chinese:臺灣 or 台灣; see below), officially the Republic of China (ROC; Chinese:中華民國; pinyin:Zhōnghuá Mínguó), is a sovereign state in East Asia. The Republic of China, originally based in mainland China, has since 1945 governed the island of Taiwan, which constitutes more than 99% of its territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other minor islands, following its loss of the mainland China territory in 1949 in the Chinese Civil War. This remaining area is also called the "Free area of the Republic of China", which is not ruled by the Government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Beijing although only 22 countries recognize it as a country.