罗伯特·沃波尔，第一代奥福德伯爵，KG，KB，PC（英语：Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford，1676年8月26日－1745年3月18日，又译罗伯特·华尔波尔），英国辉格党政治家，罗伯特·沃波尔爵士（Sir Robert Walpole）是他在1742年以前更为人所知的名称。后人普遍认为他是英国历史上第一位首相，尽管「首相」一衔在当时并没有得到法律的官方认可，也没有在官方场合被使用，但有见于他在内阁所施加的影响力，他事实上也是内阁的掌权者。

沃波尔任相期间曾历仕乔治一世及乔治二世两朝，他起先于1721年因南海泡沫事件而取得实权，此后主导政局约20年之久，惟后来因为对西班牙开战而失势。一般认为，沃波尔首相任期始于他在1721年出任第一财政大臣之职；但也有人认为内阁重臣汤森子爵在1730年退仕，沃波尔继而完全领导内阁后，其首相任期才正式开始；不过，人们多数取前者为其首相生涯的起点。沃波尔一直到1742年才辞职退仕，成为历史上最长任的英国首相。

Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford, KGKBPC (26 August 1676 – 18 March 1745), known before 1742 as Sir Robert Walpole, was a British statesman who is generally regarded as the first Prime Minister of Great Britain. Although the exact dates of his dominance are a matter of scholarly debate, 1721–1742 are often used. He dominated the Walpole–Townshend Ministry and the Ministry and holds the record as the longest serving Prime Minister in British history. Critics called his system the "Robinocracy." Speck says that Walpole's uninterrupted run of 20 years as Prime Minister "is rightly regarded as one of the major feats of British political history.... Explanations are usually offered in terms of his expert handling of the political system after 1720, [and] his unique blending of the surviving powers of the crown with the increasing influence of the Commons."