巴尔干山脉（保加利亚语及塞尔维亚语：Стара планина / Stara Planina），又称老山，是巴尔干半岛上的一个山脉。横贯保加利亚全国。巴尔干山脉的大部分山体位于保加利亚境内，但也有一部分属塞尔维亚。最高峰是博泰夫峰。海拔2376米。山脉平均高度约700米，全长约530公里。巴尔干山脉对保加利亚的历史及发展均产生了重大的作用。巴尔干半岛即得名于巴尔干山脉。

The Balkan mountain range (Bulgarian and Serbian Cyrillic:Стара планина, Latin Serbian Stara planina, "Old Mountain"; Bulgarian pronunciation: [ˈstarɐ pɫɐniˈna]; Serbian pronunciation: [stâːraː planǐna]) is a mountain range in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula. The Balkan range runs 560 km from the Vrashka Chuka Peak on the border between Bulgaria and Serbia eastward through central Bulgaria to Cape Emine on the Black Sea. The highest peaks of the Balkan Mountains are in central Bulgaria. The highest peak is Botev at 2,376 m, which makes the mountain range the third highest in the country, after Rila and Pirin. The mountains are the source of the name of the Balkan Peninsula.