河流（江、河、川、江河、河川、河道）是自然汇入海洋、湖泊的流水，通常为淡水。在少数情况下，河流流入地下或者在汇入另一水体之前便干涸。河流有时会导入另一条河流。较小的河流可能会被称作溪、支流等。

河流是水循环的一环。河流中的水主要来自其流域降水形成的地表径流和其他诸如地下水补给、泉以及自然积雪（比如冰川）存水融化。河川学是研究河流的科学，湖沼学则是研究内陆水体的科学。

地球外星球上尚未发现河流，尽管在土卫六上有大量烃形成的类河流。其他行星上的峡谷可能是曾经有过河流的证据，特别是火星，理论上推理认为在适居带的行星或卫星上也可能存在。

A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river. In some cases a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of water. Small rivers can be referred to using names such as stream, creek, brook, rivulet, and rill. There are no official definitions for the generic term river as applied to geographic features, although in some countries or communities a stream is defined by its size. Many names for small rivers are specific to geographic location; examples are "run" in some parts of the United States, "burn" in Scotland and northeast England, and "beck" in northern England. Sometimes a river is defined as being larger than a creek, but not always: the language is vague.