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单词 Riemann curvature tensor
释义

Riemann curvature tensor

中文百科

黎曼曲率张量

在微分几何中,黎曼曲率张量黎曼张量是表达黎曼流形的曲率的标准方式,更普遍的,它可以表示有仿射联络的流形的曲率 ,包括无扭率或有挠率的。曲率张量通过列维-奇维塔联络(更一般的,一个仿射联络)\nabla(或者叫协变导数)由下式给出:

R(u,v)w=\nabla_u\nabla_v w - \nabla_v \nabla_u w -\nabla_{[u,v]} w .

这里R(u,v)是一个流形切空间的线性变换;它对于每个参数都是线性的。

注意有些作者用相反的符号定义曲率.

如果u=\partial/\partial x_iv=\partial/\partial x_j 是坐标矢量场则[u,v]=0所以公式简化为

R(u,v)w=\nabla_u\nabla_v w - \nabla_v \nabla_u w

也就是说曲率张量衡量协变导数的反交换性

线性变换w\mapsto R(u,v)w也称曲率变换

英语百科

Riemann curvature tensor 黎曼曲率张量

An illustration of the motivation of Riemann curvature on a sphere-like manifold. The fact that this transport may define two different vectors at the start point gives rise to Riemann curvature tensor. The right angle symbol denotes that the inner product (given by the metric tensor) between transported vectors (or tangent vectors of the curves) is 0.

In the mathematical field of differential geometry, the Riemann curvature tensor or Riemann–Christoffel tensor (after Bernhard Riemann and Elwin Bruno Christoffel) is the most common method used to express the curvature of Riemannian manifolds. It associates a tensor to each point of a Riemannian manifold (i.e., it is a tensor field), that measures the extent to which the metric tensor is not locally isometric to that of Euclidean space. The curvature tensor can also be defined for any pseudo-Riemannian manifold, or indeed any manifold equipped with an affine connection.

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更新时间:2025/6/23 7:45:41