象虱属（学名：Haematomyzus）原是虱毛目（Phthiraptera）之下的一个属，只有三个物种。由于本属跟虱毛目其他物种的差异太大，所以独自放在象虱亚目之内，而整个象虱亚目之下亦只有象虱科一个科。这些异于寻常的外寄生虫（ectoparasites）生活于亚洲象、非洲象和疣猪的表皮，其口器拉长，就好像钻探工具那样，能深入其宿主的厚皮。

自从啮虫总目（Psocodea）旗下分类重组，啮虫总目降格而成的新啮虫目，象虱亚目开始整个系列也改为直接直属新的啮虫目。

The genus Haematomyzus includes three species of lice that differ so markedly from all other lice that they have been placed in a suborder of their own. These unusual lice are ectoparasites of elephants and warthogs. Their mouthparts are elongated to form a drill-like structure that allows them to penetrate the thick skin of their host.