红螺菌科（Rhodospirillaceae）是变形菌门α-变形菌纲红螺菌目下的一科。

下属：

1. 固氮螺菌属(Azospirillum)
2. Inquilinus
3. 磁螺菌属(Magnetospirillum)
4. Phaeospirillum
5. Rhodocista
6. 红螺旋菌属(Rhodospira)
7. 红螺菌属(Rhodospirillum)
8. 红弧菌属(Rhodovibrio)
9. 玫瑰螺旋菌属(Roseospira)
10. Skermanella
11. Thalassospira
12. Tistrella

The Rhodospirillaceae are a family of Proteobacteria. The majority are purple nonsulfur bacteria, producing energy through photosynthesis; originally all purple nonsulfur bacteria were included here.

They are often found in anaerobic aquatic environments, such as mud and stagnant water, although they are able to survive in air.