生殖毒性是指化学物质对雄性及雌性生殖系统的影响及损害。生殖毒性可能是指对成人性功能或生育能力的不良影响，也包括在后代产生的发育毒性。

一般对生殖毒性的定义会包括许多不同的效应，各种效应之间不一定彼此相关，但都会造成生育能力的下降。全球化学品统一分类和标签制度（GHS）中将生殖毒性和生殖细胞突变原及致癌物质视为不同的特性，不过后二者也可能会影响生育能力。

生殖毒性中包括了致畸性，也就是造成后代的生育缺陷，沙利窦迈即为一种致畸性物质。内分泌干扰素因为可能有生殖毒性，因此引发许多的关注及争议。不过许多有生殖毒性的物质并未列在上述二类之中。

Reproductive toxicity is a hazard associated with some chemical substances, that they will interfere in some way with normal reproduction; such substances are called reprotoxic. It includes adverse effects on sexual function and fertility in adult males and females, as well as developmental toxicity in the offspring. It is usual to take a practical definition, including several different effects which are unrelated to each other except in their outcome of lowered effective fertility. The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) separates reproductive toxicity from germ cell mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, even though both these hazards may also affect fertility.