Renormalization

Figure 2. A diagram contributing to electron-electron scattering in QED. The loop has an ultraviolet divergence.

Figure 3. The vertex corresponding to the Z1 counterterm cancels the divergence in Figure 2.

In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities.

Renormalization specifies relationships between parameters in the theory when the parameters describing large distance scales differ from the parameters describing small distances. Physically, the pileup of contributions from an infinity of scales involved in a problem may then result in infinities. When describing space and time as a continuum, certain statistical and quantum mechanical constructions are ill-defined. To define them, this continuum limit—the removal of the "construction scaffolding" of lattices at various scales—has to be taken carefully, as detailed below. Renormalization procedures are based on the requirement that certain physical quantities are equal to the observed values.

单词	Renormalized
释义	Renormalized 原声例句科学杂志：人体健康 Sleep allows the weight, the strength of synapses in the brain, to be renormalized. 睡眠可以使体重、大脑中突触的强度重新正常化。英语百科 Renormalization In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities. Renormalization specifies relationships between parameters in the theory when the parameters describing large distance scales differ from the parameters describing small distances. Physically, the pileup of contributions from an infinity of scales involved in a problem may then result in infinities. When describing space and time as a continuum, certain statistical and quantum mechanical constructions are ill-defined. To define them, this continuum limit—the removal of the "construction scaffolding" of lattices at various scales—has to be taken carefully, as detailed below. Renormalization procedures are based on the requirement that certain physical quantities are equal to the observed values.
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Renormalized

Renormalization