On the outside is the renal fascia which is a thin layer of dense connective tissue that anchors the kidney to its surroundings.
最外层为肾筋膜,即一薄层致密结缔组织,使肾锚定在周围组织上。
英语百科
Renal fascia
The renal fascia or Gerota's fascia is a layer of connective tissue encapsulating the kidneys and the adrenal glands. The deeper layers below the renal fascia are, in order, the adipose capsule of the kidney (or "perirenal fat"), the renal capsule and finally the parenchyma of the renal cortex. The spaces about the kidney are typically divided into three compartments: the perinephric space and the anterior and posterior pararenal spaces.