回归分析（英语：Regression Analysis）是一种统计学上分析数据的方法，目的在于了解两个或多个变量间是否相关、相关方向与强度，并创建数学模型以便观察特定变量来预测研究者感兴趣的变量。更具体的来说，回归分析可以帮助人们了解在只有一个自变量变化时因变量的变化量。一般来说，通过回归分析我们可以由给出的自变量估计因变量的条件期望。

回归分析是创建因变量（或称依变量，反应变量）与自变量（或称独变量，解释变量）之间关系的模型。简单线性回归使用一个自变量，复回归使用超过一个自变量（）。

In statistical modeling, regression analysis is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables. It includes many techniques for modeling and analyzing several variables, when the focus is on the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables (or 'predictors'). More specifically, regression analysis helps one understand how the typical value of the dependent variable (or 'criterion variable') changes when any one of the independent variables is varied, while the other independent variables are held fixed. Most commonly, regression analysis estimates the conditional expectation of the dependent variable given the independent variables – that is, the average value of the dependent variable when the independent variables are fixed. Less commonly, the focus is on a quantile, or other location parameter of the conditional distribution of the dependent variable given the independent variables. In all cases, the estimation target is a function of the independent variables called the regression function. In regression analysis, it is also of interest to characterize the variation of the dependent variable around the regression function which can be described by a probability distribution.