一般状态、一般条件或标准状态（英语：normal temperature and pressure, NTP）指的是化学中的物质的在气压1巴（100千帕）下得到的物理状态。这里的气压单位最近被IUPAC修改为1标准大气压。物质标准状态可以在任何给出的温度下定义。当一个化学反应使用标准状态时表明所有溶液莫耳浓度是1mol/L或者1mol/kg。 纯净液体和固体在标准状态。

对给定的物质，标准状态是对比热力学状态如一个焓，熵，吉布斯自由能和其他标准等的参考状态。元素的标准莫耳生成焓在标准状态等于0。

In chemistry, the standard state of a material (pure substance, mixture or solution) is a reference point used to calculate its properties under different conditions. In principle, the choice of standard state is arbitrary, although the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) recommends a conventional set of standard states for general use. IUPAC recommends using a standard pressure p = 10 Pa. Strictly speaking, temperature is not part of the definition of a standard state. For example, as discussed below, the standard state of a gas is conventionally chosen to be unit pressure (usually in bar) ideal gas, regardless of the temperature. However, most tables of thermodynamic quantities are compiled at specific temperatures, most commonly 298.15 K (25.00 °C; 77.00 °F) or, somewhat less commonly, 273.15 K (0.00 °C; 32.00 °F).