回声是指障碍物对声音的反射。声波在遇到障碍物时，一部分声波会穿过障碍物，而另一部分声波会反射回来形成回声。若障碍物具有坚硬光滑的表面易产生回声；反之，具有柔软的表面则易吸收声音；另外，粗糙的表面易散射声音。回声相比那些直接传播的声音所经过的路程更长，所以会比直接传播的声音晚被听到。如果两列声波的时间间隔小于0.1秒，人耳边无法分辨，只能听到被延长的声音。因为室温（20℃）时空气中的声速是343米每秒，所以站在声源处的人要听到回声需要障碍物到声源的距离至少17米。

回声的强弱用分贝计测量。

In audio signal processing and acoustics, an echo (plural echoes) is a reflection of sound, arriving at the listener some time after the direct sound. Typical examples are the echo produced by the bottom of a well, by a building, or by the walls of an enclosed room and an empty room. A true echo is a single reflection of the sound source. The time delay is the extra distance divided by the speed of sound. The word echo derives from the Greek ἠχώ (ēchō), itself from ἦχος (ēchos), "sound". Echo in the folk story of Greek is a mountain nymph whose ability to speak was cursed, only able to repeat the last words anyone spoke to her. Animals that use echoes are cetaceans (dolphins and whales) and bats.