雷蒙德·伯纳·卡特尔 （Raymond Bernard Cattell，1905年3月20日－1998年2月2日），是一名英国和美国心理学家，创立晶体智力和流体智力理论解释人类认知能力。在卡特尔92年的人生中，以多产着称，最终发表了55本著作，约500篇论文，以及30项标准测验。

卡特尔致力于使用严格的科学方法，他很早就建议将要素分析方法应用于心理学，以取代他所称的“口头理论”。卡特尔在应用要素分析方面最重要的成就之一是分析出人类个性的16种根源特质。他相信，通常人们所理解的个性，只是可以观察到的外显行为，属于表面特质；它们由16种根源特质所决定。而深源特质分为三类，分别为能力特质、气质特质、动力特质。能力特质与使个人运作有效率的技巧与能力有关；气质特质则与个人的情绪生活及其行为特性有关；动力特质个人的奋斗力量、动机、自认重要的追求目标有关。

Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British and American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure and his exploration of many areas within empirical psychology. These multifaceted areas included: the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains. Cattell authored, co-authored, or edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and over 30 standardized psychometric tests, questionnaires, and rating scales. According to a widely cited ranking, Cattell was the 16th most eminent, 7th most cited in the scientific journal literature, and among the most productive, but controversial psychologists of the 20th century.