The ordinary rate of profit always rises more or less with the risk.

一般利润率总是或多或少地随着风险而上升。

The common rate of profit, therefore, must be somewhat greater.

因此，共同利润率一定要高一些。

But, by lessening the competition of capitals in that branch of trade, it necessarily raised the rate of profit in that branch.

但是，通过减少该行业资本的竞争， 它必然会提高该行业的利润率。

But the rate of profit does not, like rent and wages, rise with the prosperity, and fall with the declension of the society.

但是利润率并不像地租和工资一样，随着社会的繁荣而上升，而随着社会的衰落而下降。

By raising the rate of profit, too, the monopoly necessarily keeps up the market rate of interest higher than it otherwise would be.

通过提高利润率，垄断也必然使市场利率保持在高于其他情况下的水平。

The different rates of profit, therefore, in the different branches of trade, cannot arise from the different degrees of trust reposed in the traders.

因此，不同贸易部门的利润率不同，不可能产生于对贸易商的信任程度不同。

In all the different employments of stock, the ordinary rate of profit varies more or less with the certainty or uncertainty of the returns.

在股票的所有不同用途中，普通利润率或多或少地随着回报的确定性或不确定性而变化。

The high rate of profit seems everywhere to destroy that parsimony which, in other circumstances, is natural to the character of the merchant.

高利润率似乎无处不在破坏了在其他情况下商人天生的节俭本性。

The monopoly raises the rate of profit, but it hinders the sum of profit from rising so high as it otherwise would do.

垄断提高了利润率，但它阻止了利润总额上升到它原本会达到的水平。

If the quantity of the stock to be employed, therefore, was neither increased nor diminished by it, the ordinary rate of profit would necessarily remain the same.

因此，如果要使用的存货数量既没有因此增加也没有减少，那么普通利润率就必然保持不变。

But in remote parts of the country, the rate of profit, as has already been shewn, is generally higher than in the neighbourhood of a large town.

但是在国内偏远地区， 利润率，正如已经表明的那样， 一般高于大城市附近的利润率。

It is solely by raising the ordinary rate of profit, that the monopoly either has proved, or could prove, advantageous to any one particular order of men.

只有通过提高普通利润率，垄断才能证明或可能证明对任何特定阶层的人有利。

No tax can ever reduce, for any considerable time, the rate of profit in any particular trade, which must always keep its level with other trades in the neighbourhood.

在相当长的一段时间内，任何税收都不可能降低任何特定行业的利润率，而该行业必须始终保持与附近其他行业的利润率水平。

But the proportion between interest and clear profit might not be the same in countries where the ordinary rate of profit was either a good deal lower, or a good deal higher.

但在普通利润率低很多或高很多的国家，利息和净利润之间的比例可能不一样。

The great stocks employed in every branch of trade, and the number of rich competitors, generally reduce the rate of profit in the former below what it is in the latter.

各行各业所使用的大量股票和富有的竞争者的数量， 通常使前者的利润率低于后者的利润率。

The applications to the Bank for money, then, depend on the comparison between the rate of profits that may be made by the employment of it, and the rate at which they are willing to lend it.

那么，向银行申请货币取决于使用货币可能产生的利润率与他们愿意借出货币的利率之间的比较。

Secondly, I shall endeavour to shew what are the circumstances which naturally determine the rate of profit; and in what manner, too, those circumstances are affected by the like variations in the state of the society.

其次，我将努力说明自然决定利润率的情况是什么；以及这些情况以何种方式受到社会状况的类似变化的影响。

This continual increase, both of the rude and manufactured produce of those landed nations, would, in due time, create a greater capital than could, with the ordinary rate of profit, be employed either in agriculture or in manufactures.

这些土地国家的粗产品和制成品的这种持续增加，到时候会创造出比按普通利润率用于农业或制造业的资本更多的资本。

This policy, therefore, discourages agriculture in two different ways; first, by sinking the real value of its produce, and thereby lowering the rate of its profits; and, secondly, by raising the rate of profit in all other employments.

因此，这项政策以两种不同的方式阻碍了农业发展；首先，降低其产品的实际价值，从而降低其利润率；其次，提高所有其他行业的利润率。

It has partly been driven from them, by the advantage which the high rate of profit established in Great Britain gives to other countries, in all the different branches of trade of which Great Britain has not the monopoly.

英国的高利润率在英国未垄断的所有不同贸易部门中为其他国家带来了优势，这在一定程度上被它们赶走了。