拉斯塔法里运动（Rastafari movement），又被称为拉斯塔法里教（Rastafarianism），是1930年代起自牙买加兴起的一个黑人基督教宗教运动。该运动信徒相信埃塞俄比亚皇帝海尔·塞拉西一世是上帝在现代的转世，是圣经中预言的弥赛亚重临人间。拉斯塔法里（Ras Tafari）一名即是对海尔·塞拉西的指称，其中Ras是阿姆哈拉语中“首领”之意，Tafari是海尔·塞拉西即位前使用的名字。

雷鬼乐深受拉斯塔法里运动影响，同时，随着雷鬼音乐风靡全球，拉斯塔法里运动也得到了广泛传播。现在，据估计全球拉斯塔法里信徒已经超过100万人。在其发源地牙买加，有5%-10%的国民自认为拉斯塔法里信徒。

Rastafari is an Abrahamic belief which developed in Jamaica in the 1930s, following the coronation of Haile Selassie I as Emperor of Ethiopia in 1930. Its adherents worship him in much the same way as Jesus in his Second Advent, or as God the Father. Members of the Rastafari way of life are known as Rastafari, Rastas, Rastafarians, or simply Ras. Rastafari are also known by their official church titles, such as Elder or High Priest. The way of life is sometimes referred to as "Rastafarianism", but this term is considered offensive by most Rastafari, who, being critical of "isms" (which they see as a typical part of "Babylon" culture), dislike being labelled as an "ism" themselves.