随机游走（英语：Random Walk，缩写为 RW），是一种数学统计模型，它是一连串的轨迹所组成，其中每一次都是随机的。它能用来表示不规则的变动形式，如同一个人酒后乱步，所形成的随机过程记录。1905年，由卡尔·皮尔逊首次提出。

通常，我们可以假设随机漫步是以马尔可夫链或马可夫过程的形式出现，但是比较复杂的随机漫步则不一定以这种形式出现。在某些限制条件下，会出现一些比较特殊的模式，如醉汉走路（drunkard's walk）或莱维飞行（Lévy flight）。

A random walk is a mathematical formalization of a path that consists of a succession of random steps. For example, the path traced by a molecule as it travels in a liquid or a gas, the search path of a foraging animal, the price of a fluctuating stock and the financial status of a gambler can all be modeled as random walks, although they may not be truly random in reality. The term random walk was first introduced by Karl Pearson in 1905. Random walks have been used in many fields: ecology, economics, psychology, computer science, physics, chemistry, and biology. Random walks explain the observed behaviors of many processes in these fields, and thus serve as a fundamental model for the recorded stochastic activity.