地衣芽孢杆菌（学名：Bacillus licheniformis）是一种在土壤中常见的细菌。在鸟类，特别是居住在地面的鸟类（如雀科）和水生的鸟类（如鸭）的羽毛中也能找到这种细菌，特别是胸部和背部的羽毛中。

地衣芽孢杆菌是一种革兰氏阳性的嗜热细菌。它的最适生长温度大约为30℃，但也能在更高的温度下存活。酶分泌的最适温度为37℃。它可能以孢子形式存在，从而抵抗恶劣的环境；在良好环境下，则可以生长态（vegetative state）存在。

目前，科学家正在利用该细菌降解羽毛，用于农业目的。羽毛含有大量不可消化的蛋白，而研究者希望经由地衣芽孢杆菌的发酵，利用废弃的羽毛制造廉价而富有营养的「羽毛餐」，供家畜使用。

Bacillus licheniformis is a bacterium commonly found in the soil. It is found on bird feathers, especially chest and back plumage, and most often in ground-dwelling birds (like sparrows) and aquatic species (like ducks).

It is a gram-positive, mesophilic bacterium. Its optimal growth temperature is around 30°C, though it can survive at much higher temperatures. The optimal temperature for enzyme secretion is 37°C. It can exist in spore form to resist harsh environments, or in a vegetative state when conditions are good.