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单词 Radiation budget
释义

Radiation budget

中文百科

地球能量收支 Earth's energy budget

(重定向自Radiation budget)
地球的气候主要由地球能量收支决定。例如的进入和放出辐射量的平衡。辐射量由卫星测量,单位为 W/m2.[1]
2012年1月26-27日大气顶入射太阳短波辐射,表示了从太阳得到的能量。
2012年1月26-27日大气顶地球的长波辐射,表示地球散发的能量。
Aufgliederung der einstrahlenden Sonnenenergie (Energie in Petawatt (PW))

地球能量收支全球能量收支预算英语:Earth's energy budget)指的是入射大气系统的来自太阳的能量减去散失到外层空间的能量后留在地球和地球大气层中的能量。对于地球能量收支变化的的量化测量值准确地和全球变暖相联系。

由于赤道接收的来自太阳的能量较两极多,入射太阳短波辐射在地球不均匀地分布。入射能量被大气圈和水圈吸收,通过地表水的蒸发、对流、降水、风和洋流进一步分布。当入射的太阳辐射与散发到外层空间的能量相同时,地球属于辐射平衡,全球气温相对稳定。

当例如温室气体增加时,地球辐射平衡被改变,全球气温也会改变。然而,地球能量平衡和热量的变动收许多因素影响,例如大气层中化学各物质的占比(主要有气溶胶、温室气体的占比)、地表物体的反照率、云量、植被和土地利用方式。地球表面温度的改变并不是紧随着地球能量收支的变化而变化,由于海洋和冰雪圈对于新能量收支反应的滞后性。净热通量变化在入射和离开地球能量的新平衡状态达到导致气候变化前最主要受到了海洋热含量的缓冲。

英语百科

Earth's energy budget 地球能量收支

(重定向自Radiation budget)
Earth's climate is largely determined by the planet's energy budget, i.e., the balance of incoming and outgoing radiation. It is measured by satellites and shown in W/m2.[1]
Incoming, top-of-atmosphere (TOA) shortwave flux radiation, shows energy received from the sun (Jan 26–27, 2012).
Outgoing, longwave flux radiation at the top-of-atmosphere (Jan 26–27, 2012). Heat energy radiated from Earth (in watts per square metre) is shown in shades of yellow, red, blue and white. The brightest-yellow areas are the hottest and are emitting the most energy out to space, while the dark blue areas and the bright white clouds are much colder, emitting the least energy.
A Sankey diagram illustrating the Earth's energy budget described in this section — line thickness is linearly proportional to relative amount of energy.[6]

Earth's energy budget is an accounting of how much energy enters the Earth's climate system from the Sun, how much energy is lost to space and accounts for the remainder as stored on the Earth and its atmosphere. Quantifying changes in these amounts is required to accurately model the Earth's climate.

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更新时间:2025/6/21 23:45:15