叠氮化合物在无机化学中，指的是含有叠氮根离子的化合物（N₃）；在有机化学中，则指含有叠氮基（-N₃）的化合物。

叠氮根离子为直线型结构，属 D_∞h 点群，价电子数为16，和NCN离子、CNO离子、NCO离子，CO₂分子是等电子体。叠氮根离子的化学性质类似于卤离子，例如白色的 AgN₃ 和 Pb(N₃)₂ 难溶于水。作为配体能和金属离子形成一系列配合物，如Na₂[Sn(N₃)₆]、Cu(N₃)₂(NH₃)₂等。

Azide is the anion with the formula N₃. It is the conjugate base of hydrazoic acid (HN₃). N₃ is a linear anion that is isoelectronic with CO₂ and N₂O. Per valence bond theory, azide can be described by several resonance structures, an important one being N=N=N. Azide is also a functional group in organic chemistry, RN₃. The dominant application of azides is as a propellant in air bags.