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单词 Pulse duration modulation
释义

Pulse duration modulation

中文百科

脉冲宽度调制 Pulse-width modulation

(重定向自Pulse duration modulation)
一个例子脉宽调制:供电电压(蓝色)调制为一系列的脉冲产生一个正弦样磁通密度波形(红色),在磁路的电磁致动器。平滑的波形由此可以控制的宽度和数目的脉冲调制(每特定周期)
Diagrama de ejemplo de la utilización de la modulación de ancho de pulsos en un variador de frecuencia.

脉冲宽度调制英语:Pulse Width Modulation,缩写:PWM),简称脉宽调制,是将模拟信号 转换为脉波的一种技术,一般转换后脉波的周期固定,但脉波的占空比会依模拟信号的大小而改变。

在模拟电路中,模拟信号的值可以连续进行变化,在时间和值的幅度上都几乎没有限制,基本上可以取任何实数值,输入与输出也呈线性变化。所以在模拟电路中,电压和电流可直接用来进行控制对象,例如家用电器设备中的音量开关控制、采用卤素灯泡灯具的亮度控制等等。

但模拟电路有诸多的问题:例如控制信号容易随时间漂移,难以调节;功耗大;易受噪声和环境干扰等等。

英语百科

Pulse-width modulation 脉冲宽度调变

(重定向自Pulse duration modulation)
An example of PWM in an idealized inductor driven by a ■ voltage source modulated as a series of pulses, resulting in a ■ sine-like current in the inductor. The rectangular voltage pulses nonetheless result in a smoother and smoother current waveform as the switching frequency increases.  Note that the current waveform is the integral of the voltage waveform.
Fig. 2: A simple method to generate the PWM pulse train corresponding to a given signal is the intersective PWM: the signal (here the red sine wave) is compared with a sawtooth waveform (blue). When the latter is less than the former, the PWM signal (magenta) is in high state (1). Otherwise it is in the low state (0).
Fig. 3 : Principle of the delta PWM. The output signal (blue) is compared with the limits (green). These limits correspond to the reference signal (red), offset by a given value. Every time the output signal (blue) reaches one of the limits, the PWM signal changes state.

Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being maximum power point tracking.

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更新时间:2025/6/19 6:54:00