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单词 Proton number
释义

Proton number

中文百科

原子序数 Atomic number

(重定向自Proton number)
元素的上标及下标分别标示原子的质量数及原子序,下标的原子序是质子的个数,也是原子核带正电的电荷量
The Rutherford–Bohr model of the hydrogen atom (Z = 1) or a hydrogen-like ion (Z > 1). In this model it is an essential feature that the photon energy (or frequency) of the electromagnetic radiation emitted (shown) when an electron jumps from one orbital to another, be proportional to the mathematical square of atomic charge (Z2). Experimental measurement by Henry Moseley of this radiation for many elements (from Z = 13 to 92) showed the results as predicted by Bohr. Both the concept of atomic number and the Bohr model were thereby given scientific credence.

原子序是一个质子核内质子的数量,因此又称质子数,也等于原子电中性时,核外的电子数量。拥有同一原子序的原子属于同一化学元素。原子序的符号是Z

通常原子序写在元素符号的左下方:

1H是氢,8O是氧。

但特定元素的原子序总是确定的,因此这个值很少这样写。

德米特里·门捷列夫在制定其元素周期表时发现,假如将元素按其原子核质量来排列会出现一些不规则的情况。比如碲的原子核比碘重,但从化学性能上来说,碲明显是与氧、硫、硒一族的,而碘与氟、氯、溴是一族的,也就是说,碘要排在碲之后。1913年亨利·莫塞莱发现这个异常的解决方法是不按原子重量,而按原子核的电荷数,即原子序来排列。

英语百科

Atomic number 原子序数

(重定向自Proton number)
An explanation of the superscripts and subscripts seen in atomic number notation. Atomic number is the number of protons, and therefore also the total positive charge, in the atomic nucleus.
The Rutherford–Bohr model of the hydrogen atom (Z = 1) or a hydrogen-like ion (Z > 1). In this model it is an essential feature that the photon energy (or frequency) of the electromagnetic radiation emitted (shown) when an electron jumps from one orbital to another, be proportional to the mathematical square of atomic charge (Z2). Experimental measurement by Henry Moseley of this radiation for many elements (from Z = 13 to 92) showed the results as predicted by Bohr. Both the concept of atomic number and the Bohr model were thereby given scientific credence.
Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev created a periodic table of the elements that ordered them numerically by atomic weight, yet occasionally used chemical properties in contradiction to weight.
Niels Bohr's 1913 Bohr model of the atom required van den Broek's atomic number of nuclear charges, and Bohr believed that Moseley's work contributed greatly to the acceptance of the model.

In chemistry and physics, the atomic number of a chemical element (also known as its proton number) is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of that element, and therefore identical to the charge number of the nucleus. It is conventionally represented by the symbol Z. The atomic number uniquely identifies a chemical element. In an uncharged atom, the atomic number is also equal to the number of electrons.

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更新时间:2025/6/23 13:34:01