协议栈（英语：Protocol stack），又称协议堆叠，是计算机网络协议套件的一个具体的软件实现。

协议套件中的一个协议通常是只为一个目的而设计的，这样可以使得设计更容易。因为每个协议模块通常都要和上下两个其他协议模块通信，它们通常可以想象成是协议栈中的层。最低级的协议总是描述与硬件的物理交互。每个高级的层次增加更多的特性。用户应用进程只是处理最上层的协议。（参见OSI模型）

在实际中，协议栈通常分为三个主要部分：媒体，传输和应用。一个特定的操作系统或平台往往有两个定义良好的软件接口：一个在媒体层与传输层之间，另一个在传输层和应用进程之间。

The protocol stack is an implementation of a computer networking protocol suite. The terms are often used interchangeably. Strictly speaking, the suite is the definition of the protocols, and the stack is the software implementation of them.

Individual protocols within a suite are often designed with a single purpose in mind. This modularization makes design and evaluation easier. Because each protocol module usually communicates with two others, they are commonly imagined as layers in a stack of protocols. The lowest protocol always deals with "low-level", physical interaction of the hardware. Every higher layer adds more features. User applications usually deal only with the topmost layers (see also OSI model).