The team found that the allergic reactions caused cells to produce more prostaglandins, a type of hormone.

该小组发现过敏反应导致细胞产生更多的前列腺素，这是一种激素。

A few years later, other scientists came across prostaglandins again.

几年后，其他科学家又发现了前列腺素。

That ring of sclerotic tissue often produces prostaglandins, which are small molecules that trigger the sensation of pain.

硬化的骨组织通常会产生前列腺素，这些小分子会引发疼痛感。

In 1976, researchers discovered cyclooxygenase, or the COX enzyme, which makes a few different biomarkers, including prostaglandins.

1976 年，研究人员发现了环氧合酶，即 COX 酶，它产生了几种不同的生物标志物，包括前列腺素。

More COX binding, less prostaglandin, so less pain.

更多的 COX 结合，更少的前列腺素，所以带来的是更少的疼痛。

When it receives this message, the hypothalamus produces another molecule called prostaglandin E2, which gears it up for war.

当下丘脑接受到这种信息，它会产生另一种分子叫做前列腺素E2，在战争中发挥了重要的作用。

Soon after birth, the foramen ovale closes and prostaglandin E2 levels fall, causing the ductus arteriosus to close off.

出生后不久，卵圆孔闭合、前列腺素E2水平下降，导致动脉导管闭合。

And what they do is they block the release of prostaglandins.

他们所做的是阻止前列腺素的释放。

That reduces the production of prostaglandins, hormone-like compounds that normally cause inflammation and pain.

这会减少前列腺素的产生，前列腺素是通常会引起炎症和疼痛的类激素化合物。

They were able to tie prostaglandins to fever, inflammation, and headaches, so this went a long way toward explaining how aspirin worked.

他们能够将前列腺素与发烧、炎症和头痛联系起来，所以这对解释阿司匹林的作用有很大帮助。