成功神学是一种基督教部分教派的教义，宣称上帝希望基督徒用各种方式取得成功，特别是在财物方面，是上帝恩惠的外在证据，可以通过祷告得到。对于一部分教派，这是异端教义。

成功神学主要流行于新教的五旬节运动和灵恩运动中，但也不局限于这一传统。加尔文主义也有类似思想。

成功神学引用旧约圣经《申命记》第8章第18节：“你要记念上主你的上帝，因为得货财的力量是他给你的，为要坚定他向你列祖起誓所立的约，像今日一样。” 但是，有人读成功神学的一些书没看出以上的意思。

Prosperity theology (sometimes referred to as the prosperity gospel, the health and wealth gospel, or the gospel of success) is a religious belief among some Christians that financial blessing is the will of God for them, and that faith, positive speech, and donations (possibly to Christian ministries) will increase one's material wealth. They are based on interpretations of the Bible traditional in Judaism (with respect to the Hebrew Bible), though less so in Christianity. Prosperity theology views the Bible as a contract between God and humans: if humans have faith in God, he will deliver his promises of security and prosperity. Confessing these promises to be true is perceived as an act of faith, which God will honor.