Similarly, those without HIV but at high risk of contracting the virus may take pre-exposure prophylaxis or PrEP.

同样的，那些没有得到艾滋病毒但却处于感染高风险的情况也可以服用暴露前预防投药也称之为PrEP。

This type of approach is called pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP.

这种方式被称为暴露前预防，即PrEP。

In their estimation, a similar pandemic could be prevented by vaccinating or administering antiviral prophylaxis to 50–75% of the population.

据他们估计，通过对50-75%的人口接种疫苗或进行抗病毒预防，可以预防类似的大流行。

While the acronym PrEP is short for pre-exposure prophylaxis, Jacobs said it also means something else for users.

尽管PrEP这个缩写代表暴露前预防，雅各布斯说对使用者来说它还意味着很多。

Finally, children with sickle cell typically get prophylaxis with penicillin and an additional polysaccharide vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae to help prevent sepsis and meningitis with encapsulated bacteria.

最后，镰状细胞病儿童通常会预防性使用青霉素以及其它多糖疫苗，以对抗肺炎链球菌，有助于预防荚膜菌引发的败血症和脑膜炎。

For ethical reasons, trial participants were also offered pre-exposure prophylaxis or PrEP — a daily pill that prevents H.I.V. infection — as well as condoms and advice about how to avoid becoming infected.

出于伦理原因，试验参与者还接受了暴露前预防或 PrEP——一种预防 HIV 的每日药丸。感染——以及避孕套和关于如何避免被感染的建议。

To do something like needle and syringe exchange programs or pre-exposure prophylaxis which is a pill usually used to treat HIV that can prevent HIV. That's what's needed to really break the back of the epidemic.

做一些针头和注射器交换计划或暴露前预防，这是一种通常用于治疗 HIV 的药丸，可以预防 HIV。这才是真正战胜流行病所需要的。

Getting it in a way that you can re-infuse it in somebody else or getting out the proteins, the Gama globulin, the antibodies from that serum and using it as a way of both treatment and possibly prophylaxis but mostly treatment.

然后将其注入其他患者体内，或者得到血清蛋白，丙种球蛋白，血清抗体，并将其作为治疗或者预防的方式，主要以治疗为主。