医疗保险或健康保险（Medical insurance），简称医保、健保，是常见的保险之一，主要为投保人应付无法预测的医疗服务需求及财务风险。

广义的医疗保险也称健康保险，它不仅补偿由于疾病给人们，带来的直接经济损失，即医疗费用，还补偿由于疾病带来的间接损失，如误工工资，对分娩、残疾和死亡等也给予经济补偿。

投保人在有需要使用医疗服务时，可得到一笔定额的现金赔偿以补贴其全数或部分医疗开支。

Health insurance is insurance against the risk of incurring medical expenses among individuals. By estimating the overall risk of health care and health system expenses, among a targeted group, an insurer can develop a routine finance structure, such as a monthly premium or payroll tax, to ensure that money is available to pay for the health care benefits specified in the insurance agreement. The benefit is administered by a central organization such as a government agency, private business, or not-for-profit entity. According to the Health Insurance Association of America, health insurance is defined as "coverage that provides for the payments of benefits as a result of sickness or injury. Includes insurance for losses from accident, medical expense, disability, or accidental death and dismemberment" (pg. 225).