无名怨愤（Ressentiment）是尼采著作中的一个关键概念。来自一个法语词汇，指经济上处于低水平的阶层对经济上处于高水平的阶层普遍抱有的一种积怨。或因自卑、压抑而引起的一种愤慨。

In psychology, aversives are unpleasant stimuli that induce changes in behavior through punishment; by applying an aversive immediately following a behavior, the likelihood of the behavior occurring in the future is reduced. Aversives can vary from being slightly unpleasant or irritating (such as a disliked color) to physically damaging. It is not the level of unpleasantness, but rather the effectiveness the unpleasant event has on changing behavior that defines the aversive.