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单词 Precession of equinoxes
释义

Precession of equinoxes

中文百科

岁差 (天文) Axial precession

(重定向自Precession of equinoxes)
进动的运动。
地球自转轴绕行黄道北极的岁差圈
地球自转轴绕行黄道南极的岁差圈
从天球外观察岁差运动

岁差英语:axial precession,字面意义为「(自转)轴进动」),在天文学中是指一个天体的自转轴指向因为重力作用导致在空间中缓慢且连续的变化。例如,地球自转轴的方向逐渐漂移,追踪它摇摆的顶部,以大约26,000年的周期扫掠出一个圆锥(在占星学称为大年或柏拉图年)。“岁差”这个名词通常只针对长期运动,其他在地轴准在线的变动 -章动和极移- 规模要小了许多。

在历史上,地球的岁差被称为分点岁差,这是因为 分点沿着黄道相对于背景的恒星向西移动,与太阳在黄道上的运动相反。在非技术的讨论中仍沿用此一名词,这点在详细的数学中是不存在的。在历史上,记载喜帕恰斯发现分点岁差,虽然确实的时代和日期并不清楚,但由托勒密认为是他所做的天文观测推测,期间在西元前147年至127年。

英语百科

Axial precession 岁差 (天文)

(重定向自Precession of equinoxes)
Precessional movement of Earth. Earth rotates (white arrows) once a day around its rotational axis (red); this axis itself rotates slowly (white circle), completing a rotation in approximately 26,000 years
The relationship between the apses, seasons and precession of Earth's axis, as viewed from the north. The seasons indicated pertain to the Northern Hemisphere and are reversed for the Southern Hemisphere. The tilt of Earth's axis and the eccentricity of its orbit are exaggerated.
Precession of Earth's axis around the north ecliptical pole
Precession of Earth's axis around the south ecliptical pole

In astronomy, axial precession is a gravity-induced, slow, and continuous change in the orientation of an astronomical body's rotational axis. In particular, it can refer to the gradual shift in the orientation of Earth's axis of rotation, which, similar to a wobbling top, traces out a pair of cones joined at their apices in a cycle of approximately 26,000 years. The term "precession" typically refers only to this largest part of the motion; other changes in the alignment of Earth's axis—nutation and polar motion—are much smaller in magnitude.

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更新时间:2025/6/18 18:08:22