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单词 Potential Hill
释义

Potential Hill

中文百科

势阱 Potential well

(重定向自Potential Hill)
一个势阱的势能-位移曲线

势阱英语:Potential well)是一个包围着局部最小势能的区域。在引力势阱的例子中,由于被势阱捕获,能量不能转变成另一种形式的能量,即动能。因此,一个物体不会达到全局势能极值,因为它根据熵的原理自然地倾向于此。

粒子在某力场中运动,势能函数曲线在空间的某一有限范围内势能最小,形如陷阱,称为势陷 就是电子的势能图像类似一个波的形状,那幺当电子处于波谷,就好像处在一口井里,比较稳定,很难跑出来。所以称为势阱。不单单是量子力学里有这个势阱,任何形式的势只要具有这种样子,我们都可以称它有势阱,比如重力势阱。量子力学与经典物理的在这里有一个小小的差别,就是量子力学里,电子具有某些概率穿过势阱跑出来,称之为隧道效应。隧道电子显微镜就是利用这个原理。

英语百科

Potential well 势阱

(重定向自Potential Hill)
A generic potential energy well.
Quantum confinement is responsible for the increase of energy difference between energy states and band gap, a phenomenon tightly related to the optical and electronic properties of the materials.
The classical mechanic explanation employs the Young-Laplace law to provide evidence on how pressure drop advances from scale to scale.

A potential well is the region surrounding a local minimum of potential energy. Energy captured in a potential well is unable to convert to another type of energy (kinetic energy in the case of a gravitational potential well) because it is captured in the local minimum of a potential well. Therefore, a body may not proceed to the global minimum of potential energy, as it would naturally tend to due to entropy.

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更新时间:2025/6/18 19:42:31