The neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, where they give the cell a message.

神经递质经过突触间隙与突触后神经元的受体结合，给突触后神经元提供信息。

And it's these neurotransmitters that act like couriers diffusing across the synaptic gap, and binding to receptor sites on the postsynaptic neuron.

正是这些神经递质像信使一样在突触间隙扩散，并与突触后神经元上的受体位点结合。

But an inhibitory neurotransmitter hyperpolarizes the postsynaptic neuron by making the inside more negative, driving its charge down — away from its threshold.

但是抑制性神经递质通过使内部更负，使其电荷下降——远离阈值，从而使突触后神经元超极化。

As a result, it down-regulates dopamine receptors, which means that the receptor is no longer active and the dopamine can't give its message to the postsynaptic neuron.

结果，大脑下调多巴胺受体，意味着受体不再具有活性，多巴胺也不能向突触后神经元传递信息。

Upon arrival of neuronal impulse, synthesized acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft where it interacts with acetylcholine receptors located on the postsynaptic neurons.

当神经冲动到达时，合成的乙酰胆碱被释放到突触中与位于突触后神经元上的乙酰胆碱受体相互作用的裂缝。

The receiving cell, meanwhile, is, yes, thankfully the postsynaptic neuron, and it accepts the neurotransmitters in its receptor region, which is usually on the dendrite or just on the cell body itself.

与此同时，接收细胞是，是的，谢天谢地，突触后神经元，它接受感受器区域的神经递质，感受器区域通常在树突上或仅在细胞体上。

Dopamine is then loaded into synaptic vesicles and released by physiological stimuli into the extracellular space where it can bind to dopamine receptors that are expressed on the postsynaptic neuron.

多巴胺随后被装入突触囊泡，并通过生理刺激释放到大脑中与多巴胺受体结合的细胞外空间突触后神经元。

Excitatory neurotransmitters depolarize the postsynaptic neuron by making the inside of it more positive and bringing it closer to its action potential threshold, making it more likely to fire that message on to the next neuron.

兴奋性神经递质通过使突触后神经元内部更加积极并使其更接近其动作电位阈值来去极化突触后神经元，使其更有可能将该信息发送到下一个神经元。