马齿苋属（学名：Portulaca）是马齿苋科下的一个属，为肉质、平卧或斜生草本植物。该属共有200种，分布于热带、亚热带地区。

Portulaca (/ˌpɔːrtjuːˈleɪkə/, purslane) is the type genus of the flowering plant family Portulacaceae, comprising about 40-100 species found in the tropics and warm temperate regions. They are also known as moss roses.

Common Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is widely considered an edible plant, and in some areas an invasive type of weed. Some Portulaca species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the Nutmeg (Hadula trifolii).