The POMC mutation seemed to boost how much the dogs wanted food, but not how much they liked it.

POMC 突变似乎增加了狗对食物的渴望，但没有增加它们对食物的喜爱程度。

Dr Raffan's work also provides insights into the biology of POMC mutations, which are relevant for humans too.

Raffan 博士的研究还提供了有关 POMC 突变生物学的见解，这对人类也具有重要意义。

There is clear evidence that a single gene mutation can lead to obesity, such as, for instance, leptin deficiency and POMC deficiency.

有明确的证据表明，单个基因突变会导致肥胖，例如瘦素缺乏和 POMC 缺乏。

Medication targeting the faulty POMC pathway in humans has already been developed.

目前，针对人类 POMC 通路缺陷的药物已经被研发出来。

The authors identified a protein which is affected by POMC mutation in the Labradors, but is not present in mice.

作者在拉布拉多犬中发现了一种受POMC突变影响的蛋白质，但在小鼠中不存在。

The authors have only found the POMC deletion in Labradors and Flat-Coated Retrievers, despite testing for it in many other portly breeds.

尽管在许多其他肥胖犬种中也进行了 POMC 缺失测试，但作者只在拉布拉多犬和平毛寻回犬中发现了 POMC 缺失。

In 2020, setmelanotide, a drug that mimics one of the proteins produced by POMC, was approved for use in humans.

2020 年，一种模仿 POMC 产生的一种蛋白质的药物 setmelanotide 获准用于人类。

On average, dogs with the POMC mutation spent almost twice as long looking at, or—for whatever reason—playing with, the tantalising box than did those without.

平均而言，具有 POMC 突变的狗注视或（无论出于什么原因）玩弄诱人的盒子的时间比未具有 POMC 突变的狗几乎长一倍。

Now, among the brain cells that have cannabinoid receptors on them are a special set of cells that are thought to regulate eating -- known as POMC neurons.

现在， 在其上有大麻素受体的脑细胞中， 有一组特殊的细胞被认为可以调节饮食— —被称为 POMC 神经元。

The study, led by Eleanor Raffan, a veterinary geneticist at the University of Cambridge, focused on a gene known as POMC, which is found in humans as well as dogs.

这项研究由剑桥大学的兽医遗传学家埃莉诺·拉夫凡（Eleanor Raffan）领导，重点关注一种称为POMC的基因， 该基因在人类和狗中都有发现。

Scientists investigating the effects of genes typically study rats and mice, but in the case of POMC there are important differences between the genes of rodents and other mammals.

研究基因效应的科学家通常研究大鼠和小鼠，但就 POMC 而言， 啮齿动物和其他哺乳动物的基因之间存在重要差异。

From this, the scientists calculated that Retrievers with the POMC mutation burned 25% fewer calories at rest than those without, indicating that the hungry dogs may need to stick to a particularly light diet in order to stay slim.

由此， 科学家计算出， 具有 POMC 突变的猎犬在休息时燃烧的热量比未具有该突变的猎犬少 25％，这表明饥饿的狗可能需要坚持特别清淡的饮食才能保持苗条。