石鲈科为辐鳍鱼纲鲈形目的一个科。类缘相近于笛鲷科。

本科鱼类广泛分布在全世界各海洋之岩礁及珊瑚礁区。

Haemulidae is a family of fishes in the order Perciformes known commonly as grunts. There are about 133 species in 19 genera. These fish are found in tropical fresh, brackish, and salt waters around the world. They are bottom-feeding predators, and named for their ability to produce sound by grinding their teeth. They also engage in mutualistic relationship with cleaner gobies of genus Elacatinus, allowing them to feed on ectoparasites on their bodies.