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单词 Polyadenosine
释义

Polyadenosine

中文百科

多腺苷酸化 Polyadenylation

(重定向自Polyadenosine)
多聚腺苷酸过程图解
Chemical structure of RNA. The sequence of bases differs between RNA molecules.
Results of using different polyadenylation sites on the same gene
Polyadenylation in bacteria helps polynucleotide phosphorylase degrade past secondary structure

多腺苷酸化英语:Polyadenylation)是指多聚腺苷酸与信使RNA(mRNA)分子的共价链结。在蛋白质生物合成的过程中,这是产生准备作翻译的成熟mRNA的方式的一部份。在真核生物中,多聚腺苷酸化是一种机制,令mRNA分子于它们的3'端中断。多聚腺苷酸尾(或聚A尾)保护mRNA,免受核酸外切酶攻击,并且对转录终结、将mRNA从细胞核输出及进行翻译都十分重要。一些原核生物的mRNA都会被多聚腺苷酸化,但多聚腺苷酸尾的功能则与真核生物有所不同。

当脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)在细胞核内转录成核糖核酸(RNA)的过程中及完成后,多聚腺苷酸化就会出现。当转录停止后,mRNA链会由核酸外切酶及RNA聚合酶切开。切开位点的附近有着AAUAAA串行。当mRNA被切开后,会加入50-250个腺苷到切开位点的3'端上。这个反应是由多聚腺苷酸聚合酶完成的。

英语百科

Polyadenylation 多腺苷酸化

(重定向自Polyadenosine)
Chemical structure of RNA. The sequence of bases differs between RNA molecules.
Results of using different polyadenylation sites on the same gene
Polyadenylation in bacteria helps polynucleotide phosphorylase degrade past secondary structure

Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to a messenger RNA. The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In eukaryotes, polyadenylation is part of the process that produces mature messenger RNA (mRNA) for translation. It, therefore, forms part of the larger process of gene expression.

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更新时间:2025/6/17 18:35:31