Poisson过程（Poisson process，大陆译泊松过程、普阿松过程等，台译卜瓦松过程、布瓦松过程、布阿松过程、波以松过程、卜氏过程等），是以法国数学家泊松（1781 - 1840）的名字命名的。泊松过程是随机过程的一种，是以事件的发生时间来定义的。我们说一个 随机过程 N(t) 是一个时间齐次的一维泊松过程，如果它满足以下条件：

其中λ是一个正数，是固定的参数，通常称为抵达率（arrival rate）或强度（intensity）。所以，如果给定在时间区间之中事件发生的数目，则随机变量呈现泊松分布，其参数为。

In probability, statistics and related fields, a Poisson point process or Poisson process (also called a Poisson random measure, Poisson random point field or Poisson point field) is a type of random mathematical object that consists of points randomly located on a mathematical space. The process has convenient mathematical properties, which has led to it being frequently defined in Euclidean space and used as a mathematical model for seemingly random processes in numerous disciplines such as astronomy, biology, ecology, geology, physics, image processing, and telecommunications.