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单词 Point mass
释义

Point mass

中文百科

点粒子 Point particle

(重定向自质点)
点质量的实际范例。灰色部分的质量可以简化成一个点质量。
Scalar potential of a point charge shortly after exiting a dipole magnet, moving left to right.
A proton is a combination of two up quarks and one down quark, held together by gluons.

点粒子是物理里头常使用的一种粒子理想化的概念。 其主要的特色是维度为零,不占有空间。 当情况在与物体的大小、形状、结构无关时,点粒子是一个合适的描述。 举例而言,只要离得够远,形状任意的物体都会看似于一个点。

在讨论重力时,物理学家习惯用一个「点质量」去描述一个具有质量但不具有结构的粒子。 类似的情况,在电磁作用中「点电荷」代表一个带电荷的粒子。

有时由于特殊的组成性质,即使相距不远,物体仍可视作为点粒子。 例如一个其交互作用遵守平方反比定律的球形物体,它的作用等同全部的物质集中在球心的点上。 在牛顿重力和古典电磁学中,在球面之外的场等同一个位于球心的具有相同质量/电荷的点粒子产生的场。

英语百科

Point particle 点粒子

(重定向自Point mass)
An example of a point mass graphed on a grid. The grey mass can be simplified to a point mass (the black circle). It becomes practical to represent point mass as small circle, or dot, as an actual point is invisible.
Scalar potential of a point charge shortly after exiting a dipole magnet, moving left to right.
A proton is a combination of two up quarks and one down quark, held together by gluons.

A point particle (ideal particle or point-like particle, often spelled pointlike particle) is an idealization of particles heavily used in physics. Its defining feature is that it lacks spatial extension: being zero-dimensional, it does not take up space. A point particle is an appropriate representation of any object whose size, shape, and structure is irrelevant in a given context. For example, from far enough away, an object of any shape will look and behave as a point-like object.

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更新时间:2025/6/17 1:00:38