The body has an enzyme that breaks down acetaldehyde.

人体有一种分解乙醛的酶。

Then, an enzyme called ALDH converts the toxic acetaldehyde to non-toxic acetate.

接着，乙醛脱氢酶(ALDH) 将有毒的乙醛转化为无毒的醋酸盐。

Also, oral bacteria convert ethanol to acetaldehyde which is a carcinogen.

此外，口腔微生物群可将乙醇转化为致癌物——乙醛。

First, an enzyme called ADH turns alcohol into acetaldehyde, which is toxic.

首先，乙醇脱氢酶 (ADH) 将酒精转化为有毒的乙醛。

The acetaldehyde then gets converted to acetate and goes into the mitochondria like last time.

乙醛之后再被转换为乙酸盐并和之前一样，进入线粒体。

A hangover is suspected to be the result of alcohol being metabolized into acetaldehyde.

酒醉就是由酒精的代谢产物——乙醛造成的。

Ethanol is converted to acetaldehyde and then eventually to acetic acid — the same stuff in vinegar.

乙醇被转化为乙醛，然后最终转化为乙酸——醋中也是如此。

Ethanol doesn't need insulin to get into the cell, it just diffuses in there and is converted to acetaldehyde.

乙醇不需要胰岛素进入细胞，它直接融进去肝细胞里面（酒精又融水又融油，细胞壁挡不住它）被转化成乙醛。

And the second quickly turns acetaldehyde into acetate, which is similar to vinegar and easy for the body to eliminate.

而第二种酶此时会快速地将乙醛变成乙酸酯。乙酸酯的功能和醋很相似，可以轻易地从人体排出。

If acetaldehyde sounds familiar that maybe because it's similar to formaldehyde. It's toxic. That's why it triggers the immune responds.

你可能觉得乙醇似曾相识，那是因为他和甲醛一样，有毒。这就是为什么我们的免疫系统会产生反应。