Pleural effusions are fluid that collects at the costophrenic angle and causes blunting of the normally sharp costophrenic angle.

胸腔积液是积聚在肋膈角的液体，可使平时尖锐的肋膈角变钝。

Pleural effusions can be due to excess fluid collection, transudative and exudative, or due to blockage of lymphatic drainage.

胸腔积液是由于液体形成过快，分漏出性胸水与渗出性胸水，或者由于淋巴引流阻塞，液体吸收过缓。

Finally, there can be a lymphatic pleural effusion, called a chylothorax.

最后，可能会形成淋巴性胸腔积液，称作乳糜胸。

An exudative pleural effusions is due to inflammation of the pulmonary capillaries which makes them much more leaky.

渗出性胸腔积液是因为肺毛细血管发炎，变得更易漏出。

Symptoms of a pleural effusions mostly depend on it's size.

胸腔积液的症状主要取决于积液的多少。

You don't usually see pleural effusions which are fluid collections in the pleural space right outside of the lungs.

胸腔积液，也就是在肺间隙有液体积聚，在COVID-19患者很少出现。

To remove pleural effusion fluid both to relieve symptoms but also to find out the cause, a thoracentesis can be done.

为移除胸腔积液以缓解症状和找到病因，可行胸腔穿刺术。

Classically, a pleural effusion will cause decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, which is tapping, on the back, and decreased tactile fremitus.

典型的胸腔积液会导致呼吸音减少，背部叩诊浊音，触觉语颤减弱。

If there's a pleural effusion, we have to rule out heart failure.

- 如果有胸腔积液，我们必须排除心力衰竭。

It's a micro tumor, started in his lung which caused a pleural effusion.

- 这是一个微小的肿瘤，起源于他的肺部，导致胸腔积液。

E is also a reminder to check for a pleural effusion, which is a common but subtle form of pathology that you can see on an x-ray.

E也提醒我们注意胸腔积液" Effusion" ，这是一种常见、但在胸片上不明显的病变。

Treating a pleural effusion typically means removing the fluid as well as treating the underlying cause - and the approaches can vary quite a lot.

处理胸腔积液主要是抽液以及治疗潜在病因，而方法多有不同。

On an X-ray taken of someone lying down, gravity will cause the freely mobile pleural effusion to settle along the chest wall, creating a layering effect.

患者平卧位胸片上，重力使自由移动的胸腔积液沿胸壁分布，形成肺野密度增加的现象。

Small transudative pleural effusions resulting from heart failure may be treated with diuretics and sodium restriction, whereas larger pleural effusions due to an oncologic process might require draining with a tube.

对于心力衰竭形成的少量漏出液，可给利尿剂及限制钠盐摄入，而对于由肿瘤侵犯胸膜导致的大量胸腔积液，则可能需要插管引流。

A transudative pleural effusion occurs when too much fluid starts to leave the capillaries either because of increased hydrostatic pressure or decreased oncotic pressure in the blood vessels.

漏出性胸腔积液发生于大量液体漏出毛细血管，可能是因为血管内静水压增高或血管内胶体渗透压降低。

Alright, as a quick recap - a pleural effusion is when fluid collects in the pleural space around the lungs, restricting expansion and causing pain and difficulty breathing.

得！快速回顾一下：胸腔积液是指液体汇聚于包绕在肺周围的胸膜腔内，限制肺扩张，造成胸痛和呼吸困难。

Finally, if the pleural effusion is large enough, it can start to push against the lung not letting it fully aerate and even causing the trachea to shift away from the side of the effusion --called tracheal deviation.

最终，如果胸腔积液足够多，会将肺推向一侧，使肺不能正常通气，甚至造成气管移向积液对侧，称作气管移位。

Finally, there might a large, loculated pleural effusion caused by bacterial pneumonia or tuberculosis which may require surgery because it can thicken into a paste-like substance called an empyema which wouldn't drain easily through a tube.

最后，细菌性肺炎或肺结核导致的大量多房性胸腔积液可能需要手术治疗，因为积液可能变浓稠成为类似浆糊的物质，称为脓胸，不易导管引流。