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单词 Planewave
释义

Planewave

中文百科

平面波 Plane wave

(重定向自Planewave)
一个平面波的波前行进于空间。
La parte real de una onda plana viajando hacia arriba.
在这篇文章内,矢量与标量分别用粗体与斜体显示。例如,位置矢量通常用\mathbf{r}\,\!表示;而其大小则用r\,\!来表示。

在三维空间里,平面波(plane wave)是一种波动,其波阵面(在任何时刻,波相位相等的每一点所形成的曲面)是相互平行的平面。平面波的传播方向垂直于波前。假若平面波的振幅不是常数,例如,振幅是位置的函数,则称此种平面波为「非均匀平面波」。

加以延伸,平面波这术语时常用来形容,在空间的一个局部区域里,近似于平面波的波动。例如,一个局部区域波源,像发射无线电波的天线,所发射出的电磁波,在远场区可以近似为平面波。等价地说,对于在一个均匀介质内,波的传播距离超长于波长的案例,在几何光学的正确极限内,射线区域性地对应于近似平面波。

英语百科

Plane wave 平面波

(重定向自Planewave)
The wavefronts of a plane wave traveling in 3-space
 At time equals zero a positive phase shift results in the wave being shifted toward the left.
As t increases the wave travels to the right and the value at a given point x oscillates sinusoidally.
Animation of a 3D plane wave. Each color represents a different phase of the wave.

In the physics of wave propagation, a plane wave (also spelled planewave) is a field in space-time which takes the form

with an arbitrary (scalar or vector) function A(\xi) and |\vec n|=1. The plane wave propagates along the direction \vec n with velocity c.

The term is often used to denote the special case where the plane wave is both harmonic and homogeneous. A homogeneous and harmonic plane wave is a constant-frequency wave whose wavefronts (surfaces of constant phase) are infinite parallel planes of constant peak-to-peak amplitude normal to the phase velocity vector.

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更新时间:2025/6/18 21:24:01